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Chenlu Ma,1 Wen Zhang,1 Shu Da,2 Huan Zhang,3 Xichao Zhang1 1Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210024, People’s Republic of China; 3Academy of Global Innovation & Governance, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xichao Zhang, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 XinJieKouWai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People’s Republic of China, Email xchzhang@bnu.edu.cnPurpose: Environmental uncertainty has reached unprecedented levels in recent years. While there is substantial knowledge about the connection between environmental uncertainty and organizational outcomes, limited attention has been devoted to investigating its impact on employees’ depression and anxiety symptoms. Grounded in job demands-resources theory, this study aims to explore the relationship between environmental uncertainty and employees’ depression and anxiety symptoms, and it further investigates the mediating role of work pressure and the moderating role of union practices.Methods: In September 2022, we undertook a cross-sectional survey study, gathering data from 1081 employees across various enterprises situated in Liaoning, China. Throughout this timeframe, notable global occurrences heightened the awareness of environmental uncertainty. Following the exclusion of participants who did not provide information on the main variables, the final valid sample comprised 940 employees. To test all hypotheses, a series of confirmatory factor analyses and path-analytic procedures were conducted using Mplus 7.0.Results: Our results confirm that environmental uncertainty, as a high job demand, increases employees’ work pressure, thereby elevating rates of anxiety and depression; the indirect relationship between environmental uncertainty and employees’ anxiety and depression through work pressure is stronger when union practices are lower.Conclusion: Our findings indicate the detrimental impact of environmental uncertainty on employees’ mental health, and highlight the roles of work pressure and union practices. In light of this, organizations should take steps to mitigate employees’ perceptions of environmental uncertainty and establish mental health programs, in cooperation with union practices, to protect employees’ mental well-being.Keywords: environmental uncertainty, anxiety, depression, union practices, work pressure

Dian-Jeng Li,1– 3 Agata Chudzicka-Czupa&lstrok;a,4 Mateusz Paliga,5 Nadiya Hapon,6 Liudmyla Karamushka,7 Marta &Zdot;ywio&lstrok;ek-Szeja,4 Roger S McIntyre,8– 10 Soon-Kiat Chiang,11 Yi-Lung Chen,12,13 Cheng-Fang Yen,1,14,15 Roger Ho Chun Man16,17 1Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; 2Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80276, Taiwan; 3Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 91200, Taiwan; 4Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland; 5Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; 6Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Ivan Franko National University in Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; 7G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; 8Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 9Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 10Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada; 11Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 12Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 13Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 14Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 15College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; 16Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 17Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeCorrespondence: Cheng-Fang Yen, Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-3121101 ext. 6822, Fax +886-7-3134761, Email chfaye@cc.kmu.edu.tw Yi-Lung Chen, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Tel +886-4-23323456&num;20106, Fax +886-4-23321206, Email elong@asia.edu.twBackground: The Russo-Ukrainian War has resulted in massive social, economic, and psychological burdens worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the associations between time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the mediating effects of rumination on the associations in people residing in Poland and Ukraine.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 1438 internet users in Poland and Ukraine, and collected data on levels of rumination, psychological distress, and the amount of time spent on and sources of the news of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping methods was used to evaluate the mediation effect. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictive effect of the source of the war-related news on psychological distress and rumination.Results: The results showed a mediating effect of rumination on the association between the amount of time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress among participants in Poland (β = 0.16, p < 0.001) and Ukraine (β = 0.15, p < 0.001). Approaching the news from television was associated with rumination (β = 0.607, p < 0.001) and PTSD symptoms in Poland (β = 2.475, p = 0.009), while approaching news from the internet was associated with rumination in Poland (β = 0.616, p = 0.001).Conclusion: The study identified the mediating effect of rumination and the associations of approaching the war-related news from television and the internet with mental health.Keywords: Russo-Ukrainian war, rumination, psychological distress, mediation, time spent on the news of war

Cuiyu Lan,1 Tianshu Zhou,2,3 Yuchang Bao,4 Ruizhe Wang,5 Xinying Weng,6 Jie Su,7 Yinlin Li,8 Peijing Qiao,9 Danfeng Guo2 1Faculty of Law, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Political Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China; 4Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, People’s Republic of China; 5GEC-Advanced Studies Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Ip Ying To Lee Yu Yee School of Humanities and Languages, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Public and International Affairs, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of History, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Danfeng Guo, Email guodanfeng@usts.edu.cnPurpose: This study aims to translate and validate the Learned Helplessness Scale (LHS) for use in the educational context and specifically among Chinese law school students. Understanding learned helplessness in the context of Chinese law students can provide unique insights into the interaction of legal education, psychological health, and cultural influences, thereby contributing to a more nuanced understanding of learned helplessness.Methods: A total of 711 Chinese college students from two law schools participated in this study. The Learned Helplessness Scale (LHS) was translated into Chinese using forward and backward translation. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and construct validity were conducted to assess the dimensionality of the Chinese version of the LHS (Chinese LHS).Results: The exploratory factor analysis indicated that the Chinese LHS has a four-factor structure consisting of 14 items, which accounted for 50% of the total variance. The subsequent confirmatory factor analysis further supported this four-factor structure. The internal consistency of the Chinese LHS was found to be medium to high, with Cronbach’s α values ranging from 0.63 to 0.87 for the subfactors, and 0.79 for the total scale. In addition, concurrent validity is also confirmed.Conclusion: The 14-item version of the Chinese LHS is a psychometric sound instrument for assessing learned helplessness among Chinese law school students.Keywords: learned helplessness scale, Chinese, adaptation, validation

Lie Zhao School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lie Zhao, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, People’s Republic of China, Email 1663421212@qq.comBackground: With the rapid changes in the social environment, adolescents are facing increasing academic pressure and challenges to their physical and mental development in the socialization process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence mechanisms of parental participation on adolescent behavioral development (learning persistence, expressive language ability and knowledge absorption ability), revealing the mediation role of adolescent positive and negative peer interactions between parental participation and behavioral development, and whether differences in parents and children’s educational expectations moderate this process.Methods: This study was measured using the Parental Participation Questionnaire, Peer Interaction Questionnaire, Behavioral Development Scale, and Educational Expectancy Gap from the China Education Panel Survey. A total of 7730 seventh-grade students and their parents were invited to participate, to establish a moderated mediation model, and the significance of the mediation effect was tested using the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method.Results: (1) High frequent parental participation has a significant positive effect on adolescent behavioral development, including behavioral participation, emotional participation, and educational participation all exerting varying degrees of positive influence, as well as positively influencing adolescents’ peer interactions. (2) Positive and negative peer interactions play the mediation role of 12.3% and 2.5% respectively in the process of parental participation affecting adolescent behavioral development. (3) Comparing “educational expectation gap - equal”, the “educational expectation gap - high” negatively moderates the effect of parental participation on adolescent behavioral development and positive peer interaction (inhibitory effect), the “educational expectation gap - low” positively moderates the effect of parental participation on negative peer interaction (facilitation effect), which meant that the “educational expectation gap - equal” between parents and children is a more desirable state.Conclusion: These findings provide empirical support and effective operational suggestions to further promote positive adolescent behavioral development. Particularly for developing countries, it is recognized that positive parental participation and peer interaction, as well as equal educational expectation of parents and children, are protective factors for adolescent development.Keywords: parental participation, positive peer interaction, negative peer interaction, educational expectation gap, behavioral development

Fernanda Loureiro,1 Sofronia M Ringold,1,2 Lisa Aziz-Zadeh1,2 1Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 2Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USACorrespondence: Fernanda Loureiro, Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, 3620A McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA, Email fernanda0801@gmail.comAbstract: While exteroceptive sensory processing is a hallmark of autism spectrum disorder, how interoceptive processing may impact and contribute to symptomatology remains unclear. In this comprehensive narrative review on interoception in autism, we discuss: 1) difficulties with assessing interoception; 2) potential interoceptive differences; 3) interactions between neural systems for interoception, attention, sensorimotor processing, and cognition; and 4) potential differences in neural circuits involved in interoception. In general, there are mixed findings on potential interoception differences in autism. Nevertheless, some data indicate differences in integration of interoceptive and exteroceptive information may contribute to autism symptomatology. Neurologically, interoceptive processing in autism may be impacted by potential differences in the development, morphometry, and connectivity of key interoceptive hubs (vagal processing, brainstem, thalamus, insula), though much work is needed on this topic.Keywords: autism, interoception, insula, brainstem, thalamus, thermosensation

Luxia Xiao, Meilin Yao, Hongrui Liu Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hongrui Liu, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People’s Republic of China, Email hrliu@bnu.edu.cnPurpose: Drawing upon the cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use (PIU) and tunnel effect, this study aimed to construct a moderated mediation model from the perspective of social ecology. Specifically, the model investigated the relationship between perceived social mobility and smartphone dependence, with a focus on the mediating role of hope and the moderating effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) underlying this relationship.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 718 Chinese university students (Mage = 19.19, 70.2% female) from Beijing, Henan, and Tianjin, who anonymously filled out the Perceptions of Socioeconomic Mobility Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale, Openness to the Future Scale, and family socioeconomic status questionnaire. Preliminary data analysis was executed using SPSS 22.0, and the moderated mediation effect was tested using the latent moderated structural equations approach in Mplus 8.3.Results: The results showed that (a) less perceived social mobility was linked with greater smartphone dependence; (b) hope mediated the aforementioned relationship; and (c) family SES moderated the first-stage path of the indirect effect through hope. For university students with low (rather than high) family SES, their level of hope increased with the improvement of perceived social mobility, and in turn, that of smartphone dependence decreased.Conclusion: These findings suggest that positive perceptions of upward social class mobility and hopeful attitudes toward future opportunities and personal development among disadvantaged university students may alleviate their reliance on smartphones. Researchers and policymakers should pay attention to the role of individuals’ perceptions of the macro environment in motivating specific risky behaviors among university students. Future interventions are essential to mitigate pessimistic environmental perceptions and foster a sense of hope among university students.Keywords: family socioeconomic status, hope, moderated mediation, perceived social mobility, smartphone dependence

Abstract: Background: The Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA) recently completed a large-scale moral psychology study using translated versions of the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale (OUS). However, the translated versions have no validity evidence. Objective: The study investigated the structural validity evidence of the OUS across 15 translated versions and produced version-specific validity reports. Methods: We analyzed OUS data from the PSA, which was collected internationally on a centralized online questionnaire. We also collected qualitative feedback from experts for each translated version. Results: For each version, we produced version-specific psychometric reports which include the following: (1) descriptive item and demographics analyses, (2) factor structure evidence using confirmatory factor analyses, (3) measurement invariance testing across languages using multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses and alignment optimization, and (4) reliability analyses using coefficients α and ω.

RESUMO A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os efeitos da meditação sobre a atenção, as funções executivas e o desempenho escolar de crianças. Foi realizado um estudo quase-experimental, do tipo pré-teste e pós-teste, com grupo-comparação. Participaram do estudo 44 crianças, com idade média de 10,84 (DP=1,07), estudantes do ensino fundamental I, organizadas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: controle (n=22) e experimental (n=22). Os resultados indicaram que não houve diferenças significativas das variáveis investigadas entre os grupos avaliados, exceto para as funções executivas. No entanto, houve diferença para todas as variáveis na comparação intragrupo. Conclui-se que a meditação se mostrou eficaz para a estimulação das variáveis investigadas, destacando-se que pesquisas adicionais são necessárias para verificar efeitos de mediação e moderação dessas mesmas variáveis sobre o desempenho escolar.

RESUMO Este estudo buscou realizar uma revisão de literatura de instrumentos que podem ser úteis para o psicodiagnóstico da esquizofrenia. Fezse uma busca nas bases de dados SciELO, PEPSIC, LILACS e BVS-PSI, com artigos publicados em português entre 2010 e 2020. A partir dos resultados, foi possível identificar um número expressivo de instrumentos que podem ser utilizados no psicodiagnóstico de pacientes esquizofrênicos, com destaque para o Teste de Rorschach e a Escala das Síndromes Positiva e Negativa. A maioria dos instrumentos tinha como foco a avaliação de aspectos relacionados à qualidade de vida do paciente esquizofrênico e de seus familiares e cuidadores. Os achados podem ser úteis no planejamento e na escolha de técnicas para o psicodiagnóstico da esquizofrenia. Contudo, salienta-se que a escolha de métodos na avaliação psicológica deve sempre ser pautada na adequação ao objetivo da avaliação, ao construto avaliado, ao público-alvo e ao contexto de avaliação.

RESUMO O inventário Child Behavior Checklist 6-18 (CBCL), de tradução brasileira “Inventário de Comportamentos da Infância e Adolescência”, avalia a competência social e problemas de comportamento em indivíduos de seis a 18 anos por meio do relato dos pais/responsáveis. Entretanto, seus estudos de evidências de validade e de precisão para o Brasil não são apresentados em seu manual comercializado, ao menos até o momento de realização desta pesquisa, segundo semestre de 2020. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as evidências de validade e precisão do CBCL no Brasil, por meio de revisão da literatura. Como resultado, foram encontradas seis publicações, que indicaram, em sua maioria, boas qualidades psicométricas. Entretanto, cautelas devem ser tomadas para a generalização dos dados para atual versão comercializada, pois os estudos investigaram versões anteriores do instrumental. Além disso, pesquisas mais atualizadas são necessárias e que abranjam um maior número de evidências de validade e precisão.

RESUMO Os conflitos conjugais constituem parte do processo de adaptação entre os cônjuges e contribuem para a compreensão das características da dinâmica relacional entre a dupla. Para aprofundar a avaliação dos conflitos conjugais, são apresentados dois estudos neste artigo. O primeiro investigou evidências de validade da Escala de Conflito Conjugal por meio da análise da sua estrutura interna em uma amostra de 244 casais. Os resultados demonstraram que o modelo do instrumento se ajustou aos dados. No estudo dois, verificou-se o poder preditivo do tempo de união, da frequência e intensidade dos conflitos no ajustamento conjugal de 485 indivíduos que responderam um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Conflito Conjugal e o Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale. A frequência e a intensidade dos conflitos foram preditoras do ajustamento conjugal. Os estudos I e II fornecem evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna da Escala de Conflito Conjugal e na relação com o ajustamento conjugal.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar evidências de validade para a versão em português do Brasil da Escala de Cinismo Geral e Organizacional. O cinismo faz parte da vida cotidiana sendo analisado tanto como traço de personalidade por parte da literatura quanto como atitude por outros pesquisadores, com associação encontrada para diminuição do comprometimento de funcionários, erosão das redes interpessoais de apoio e prejuízo ao processo de mudança organizacional. Não foram encontrados instrumentos nacionais para análise de todas as dimensões dos construtos. Foi realizado o processo de adaptação e os procedimentos de Análise Fatorial Exploratória e Confirmatória. Os resultados indicam a confirmação da estrutura original com quatro fatores: geral (α=0,87), afetivo organizacional (α=0,89), cognitivo organizacional (α=0,85) e comportamental organizacional (α=0,75). Entretanto a validade discriminante das dimensões do cinismo organizacional indica a necessidade de novos estudos empíricos para compreensão do fenômeno.

RESUMO A detecção da dislexia deve ocorrer de forma precoce e desenvolver instrumentos que permitam aos professores perceber os sinais, é uma necessidade para o contexto brasileiro. O objetivo do estudo foi elaborar e validar um instrumento de rastreio dos sinais da dislexia para professores. Os parâmetros psicométricos foram testados considerando a validade de conteúdo, construto e de critério. Para os três tipos de validade, os resultados foram satisfatórios. O instrumento apresentou uma estrutura com dois fatores, com nível de confiabilidade acima de 0,97. Os resultados da curva ROC demonstraram alta sensibilidade e especificidade, distinguindo crianças com e sem sinais de dislexia. O instrumento, com 30 itens, apresentou parâmetros psicométricos satisfatórios contribuindo com a identificação de sinais da dislexia pelos professores.

RESUMO Objetivou-se no pressente estudo a construção da Escala de Estigma de Cortesia entre Familiares de Usuários de Drogas (ECOFAD) e a busca por evidências de validade de conteúdo e de estrutura interna. A partir da revisão de literatura sobre Estigma de Cortesia nas bases de dados PsycNET (APA), Pubmed, Bvs Brasil, Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, e Pepsic, foram identificados seis instrumentos que mensuram esse fenômeno e que serviram para a proposição de uma escala com três dimensões (cognitiva, afetiva e comportamental). Uma comissão de sete juízes especialistas avaliou o instrumento e os coeficientes de validade de conteúdo para a escrita, clareza e pertinência dos itens foram de: 0,78, 0,82 e 0,87, respectivamente. Na amostra online (n =86), o índice de confiabilidade das subescalas variou com alfa de Cronbach de 0,81 a 0,89. A análise fatorial exploratória indicou três fatores como os mais representativos do conjunto de variáveis observadas.

ABSTRACT The Male Sexual Function Index (MSFI) is an instrument that assesses five domains of male sexual function: desire, arousal, erection, orgasm, and satisfaction. This study aimed to adapt and seek validity evidence for the MSFI for the Brazilian context. The participants comprised 449 men aged 18 to 65 years. The results showed an adequate fit of the data to the instrument’s five-factor model, according to the original version of the MSFI. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance for the MSFI was also found across heterosexual, bisexual, and gay participants. Correlations with other variables were also as expected, for example, a positive correlation between the factor desire from MSFI and the sexual excitation. The Brazilian version of the MSFI showed to be adequate to measure the construct in men of different sexual orientations.

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo a adaptação e validação do Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT), que avalia a flexibilidade psicológica de acordo com os três processos diádicos (1) abertura à experiência, (2) consciência comportamental e (3) ações valorizadas. A amostra contou com 377 sujeitos da população geral com idades entre 18 e 64 anos. As evidências de validade baseadas na estrutura interna da escala se deram pelas análises paralelas que indicaram a retenção de três fatores, assim como a escala original, e pela análise fatorial exploratória. A escala final apresentou boa consistência interna (α=0,89). Além disso, o CompACT indicou evidências de validade convergente, apresentando correlações negativas moderadas com o AAQ- II e medidas de ansiedade, estresse e depressão.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir a Escala Multidimensional de Empatia para Adultos (EMEA) e avaliar indicadores de validade e confiabilidade desse instrumento. Baseando-se na teoria de Martin Hoffman e em estudos empíricos anteriores, foram elaborados 67 itens para avaliar cinco dimensões da empatia. Após testagem da validade semântica e de conteúdo, uma versão com 31 itens foi administrada a 541 adultos, juntamente com o Interpersonal Reactivity Index, de Davis (1983). Uma análise fatorial exploratória indicou uma solução com três fatores, que agruparam 30 itens da EMEA e que juntos explicavam cerca de 52% da variância. Foram identificados indicadores de confiabilidade e de validade da EMEA, além de diferenças relacionadas ao sexo nos escores de empatia. Os resultados indicam que a EMEA é adequada para mensurar a empatia em adultos, avançando em relação a outros instrumentos disponíveis no Brasil, por abarcar diferentes tipos de sentimentos, além daqueles tradicionalmente avaliados nas pesquisas.

RESUMO A Entrevista Cognitiva (EC), procedimento importante na adaptação e validação de testes psicológicos, revisa processos de resposta, informando possíveis necessidades de reformulação de itens. Os principais estudos que detalham sua utilização são internacionais e, no Brasil, os poucos estudos que mencionam a sua utilização, não informam como realizá-la. O presente artigo tem caráter metodológico, objetivando propor o uso da EC no processo de adaptação e validação de instrumentos psicométricos, evidenciando a sua aplicabilidade por meio de exemplos práticos retirados de um estudo que utilizou a EC no contexto brasileiro. O estudo usado no exemplo foi qualitativo e a amostra, de 10 participantes. Foram conduzidas entrevistas por sondagem verbal padronizada, investigando quatro operações cognitivas: compreensão, recuperação, julgamento e resposta. Como resultado, a adoção da EC identificou falhas no processo de resposta de itens, sendo possível reduzir equívocos e amenizar riscos nessas variáveis. A inserção dessa etapa no processo mostra-se importante para qualificar as validações de instrumentos feitas para o Brasil.

The purpose of this article is to introduce Psychosemantics of Types of Military Stress of Combatants: we mean Chronic constant (or prolonged) stress and Acute situational stress of combatants with Post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. We proved, that combatants with Chronic constant (or prolonged) stress also observed variability in the occurrence and development of a painful emotional state, but, as a rule, at the first stage there was an accumulation of emotional tension, which, due to the interaction of certain personal characteristics and situational influences, did not find a response. We understood, that the main disorders of the servicemen’s mental activity are related to the experience that traumatizes the psyche and which is caused by military conditions, but their degree largely depends on the totality of the reaction to this factor of the entire unit. The collective reaction has a strong influence on the discipline and organization of military units. Conclusions. Therefore, it should be noted that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders occur in a case of combatants as a delayed or protracted reaction to a Psycho-Traumatic Stress Event or a situation of an exclusively threatening or deadly nature (combat operations, watching the violent death of others, the role of a victim of torture, being in captivity, etc.). In its essence, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an appropriate reaction of a mind and a body to a powerful emotional stimuli of a stressful situation that occurred.

The aim of the article consists in establishing empirical descriptors of the state of motivation. Methods. The study was implemented according to the Nelson model, which provides for the possibility of determining the essence of the problem under the existing conditions. The empirical research used such methods as the motivation structure questionnaire, the existential feasibility scale of Lange and Orgler, the Schwartz motivational values questionnaire, the Luthans psychological capital method, the Riff psychological well-being questionnaire, the personality life tasks questionnaire (Laboratory of Social Psychology of the personality of Prof. Tytarenko), the questionnaire of Stepa’s reserve motivation, Stepa’s psychological resourcefulness questionnaire, meaningfulness of life method (an adaptation version of the Krumbo and Maholik questionnaire), Muddy’s hardiness questionnaire. The following methods of mathematical and statistical analysis were applied: multivariate, cluster, correlational, comparative, and classification analysis. Research results. The following indicators of motivationess were determined: confidence in one’s capabilities, realistic goal formulation, a clearly defined sequence of actions, effective self-organization of time, understanding of the ratio of one’s strengths and difficulties, completing a task by applying one’s efforts, interest in the process of completing the task, desire to complete the task, inspiration from one’s own experience of success, the ability to draw analytical conclusions from one’s own experience of failures, resistance to stress during task performance, proactiveness in setting the task, the desire to receive and provide informative feedback during the execution and completion of the task, readiness to learn new knowledge and skills to perform the task, sense vocation for staging and completing the task. Cronbach alpha for statements of the Motivationess scale is within 0.91–0.92. The value of intercorrelations of motivationess indicators is 0.30–0.78 (p < .001). The classification analysis showed that low, medium, and high levels of motivationess were correctly determined by 90%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. The structure of motivationess is two-factor, cumulative multi-factor analysis explained 59% of the variance of the data in the group. A higher level of motivationess is characterized by its procedural, dynamic indicators. The k-means method showed the correctness of distinguishing two types of motivationess - low and high; the type of motivationess is determined by its dynamic indicators. Conclusions. Motivationess is characterized by us as a dynamic motivational state of existential discourse, which is actualized about a certain life task, is manifested in the ability of the individual to correlate his resources with the challenges of life conditions in a dialogic interaction, and is experienced by him as inspiration. The motivation scale received the necessary indicators of its reliability. The text of the Motivationess scale is included in the appendix to the article.

The aim of our research is to show psychological ways of forming a teenager as a subject of cognitive activity by providing a confirmatory experiment at secondary schools. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. It was shown, that we connect the effective solution of the problem of Subject activity with the solution of the question of what it is the source of this activity. We’d like to note that the external Cognitive Activity of the person depends on the internal Cognitive Activity not only in the sense that any external influences are realized only through the internal characteristics, but the internal ones also have its own direct source of the activity and development. Analyzing Pre-Subjective Cognitive Activity, including genotypic influences, in which the biological and social prerequisites of the development are suppressed. We believe that it is necessary to take into account spontaneity in the development of the Subject of Cognitive Activity. We introduce the concept of a center of Subject’s Activity, the formation of which is manifested in a gradual change in the relationships between External and Internal types of Cognitive Activity: from the prevailing orientation of External through Internal Content to the increasing dominance of the tendency Internal through External Senses. Conclusions. Taking into account the opportunities given by the nature and acquired them into the process of education and upbringing, as well as the demands of the Ukrainian society, we single out the following structure of the Subject of Cognitive Activity. The content of the Subject of Cognitive Activity is a hierarchy of goals, one way or another presented in the mind of a person and the formed subjective experience of a person. A form of Subjectivity is conscious self-regulation of human activity and behavior. The implementation of the Subject of Cognitive Activity is determined by the interaction of formed self-regulation skills and components of subjective experience. We single out the following components of Subject’s experience: 1) valuable experience (related to the formation of interests, ethical norms, ideals, beliefs); 2) the experience of reflection; 3) the experience of habitual activation; 4) operational experience; 5) the experience of cooperation.

The aim of our research is to show psychological functions of socio-cultural competence; to present cultural context, which influences the development of socio-cultural competence of students. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. We proposed socio-cultural approach in the process of education at high school at the English lessons. We proved that the main function of socio-cultural competence is a cultural function, which has the aim to create cross-cultural competence of the student almost at the same level as a native speaker. The main cultural function is a mean of building up a cultural-historical theme, and the native culture is not ignored. So, there is a parallel study of the cultural manifestations of native people and the people whose language is being studied. It was proved that the ways of developing of sociocultural competence to learning a foreign language has the aim to integrate language education interdisciplinary with the purpose to enrich bilingual competence of the student in order to fulfill the role of a subject of multi-cultural dialogues and to gain a role of a cultural mediator in the process of intercultural communication. Conclusions. We’ve shown, that from the standpoint of Sociocultural Approach, socio-cultural competence is understood by us as the functionally determined communicative interaction of people who are the representatives of different cultural communities and belong to different geopolitical, continental, religious, regional, national, ethnic groups, as well as social subcultures. It was shown, that partners of communication, of course, can differ from each other in value-oriented worldview, lifestyle, models of speech and non-verbal process of communication. For productive multi-cultural communication, a personality with a high level of socio-cultural competence must be a mediator of cultures, by which we understand a student who has knowledge about the peculiarities of different cultures and the peculiarities of their interaction. Socio-cultural competence allows a person to go beyond the background of his/her native culture and acquire the qualities of a mediator of cultures, without losing his/her personal cultural identity.

The purpose of our research is to show theoretical basis of the formation of the image of world of future translator; to describe scientific approaches to the study of the image of the world of the person of future translator; to show psychological understanding of the Image of the world of the personality of future translator related to the concepts of development, activity and personal growth; to assess the formation of students’ motivational sphere in the paradigm of the image of the world of the person of future translator. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The ascertaining research was used as an empirical method. The results of the research. We proved, that as for “the desire to work with foreigners or abroad without an interpreter”, “to improve one’s material situation thanks to the knowledge of a foreign language”, these motives were dictated, first of all, by social changes in our life, increasing the authority of a foreign language among other disciplines due to the expansion of international relations. Students with good language training rate utilitarian motives more highly. A higher level of knowledge of a foreign language gives them greater confidence in these goals. All these motives are formed by the Image of the World of the personality of future translator. Conclusions. The analysis of the motivational sphere of students of the experimental and control groups made it possible to conclude that the motives for learning a foreign language are quite diverse, but all of them are highly valued by students. Students with developed Image of the World of the personality of future translator have aspirations and hopes to acquire new and necessary knowledge for their professional activities. However, they still cannot fully assess their capabilities, without having a sufficient level of knowledge and skills to carry out translation activities at a professional level.

The purpose of this article is to study psychological characteristics and parents-children interpersonal relationships in the family with a child with intellectual disabilities. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The empirical method is a pilot research. The results of the research. Such personal characteristics, as aggression, infantilism, shyness (the result of disrupted relationships between a child and his/her parents) can be attributed to three levels of parent-child interpersonal relationships: Level I – the relationships between parents and a child are characterized as passive-defensive ones, children are in a state of hidden conflict, there is no possibility of establishing emotional intimacy; Level II – there is adaptive atmosphere of emotional incontinence in the family. Children adopt this style and treat their parents in a “mirror” way – it is active-defensive style. Children are confident that their requests and desires will not be satisfied. Accusations are responded to them with aggression. They do not know how to restrain emotional reactions; their behavior is dominated by excitability, conflicts and aggressiveness; Level III – there are the same family characteristics as in the second level, but children are noted to have a weak nervous system. As a result, in response to sharp influences from the side of their parents, physiological disorders arise such reactions, as tic, enuresis, stuttering. Typically, such a child is characterized by obedience, but the possibility of outbursts of aggression towards peers cannot be ruled out. Conclusions. We showed, that the extreme variant of violations of the relationships between parents and children was “maternal deprivation”. This condition is characterized by severe psychological discomfort of the child, occurs in conditions of constant absence of the mother or severe rejection from the side of her attitude to a child. Both in theoretical and experimental studies which deal with the influence of the family situation on the formation of behavioral tendencies and personality traits of children, play the enormous role of the mother. So, in the situation of the absence of the mother or in the situation where the child saw her extremely rarely, the child felt emotional discomfort, cried more often, was stubborn and aggressive.

The aim of the article is to analyze the phenomena and features of motivation as a psychological phenomenon regarding the implementation of constructivism in the «relationship» of personnel and the organization, when the initiative of interaction belongs to a person as a subject of self-creation and production activity. Мethods: with the help of methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison, career phenomena are highlighted in the relationship of self-design and its management at the individual and organizational levels, which stimulates a positive personal environment of interaction, promotes active behavior in the application of positive personality resources. The categorical and structural-functional methods, units of analysis of motivational structures in the manifestation of conflictogens-tensions of a personal-constructive and communicative character were used. Methods of systematization and generalization as well as modeling method were applied . Research results. The congruence of well-being and personal self-construction of the organization’s personnel in the context of motivation for higher quality and effective organizational activity on the one hand and movement in the direction of one’s own well-being on the other is determined. The practical possibilities of motivation of self-reinforcement, self-regulation, self-efficacy, as well as the effectiveness of the application of the complex theory of motivation are considered in detail. The key problem of motivation in the process of personal self-construction of personnel is determined by the interdependent formed value orientations in relation to the profession and the vision of the personal meaning of the activity, which corresponds to deep personal meanings. Conclusions. The specific epistemological context of social constructionism in the motivational paradigm of personal self-construction of personnel, based on integrity, contextuality and preventiveness, is proven. The PERMA model of positive psychology is an important tool in relation to the concepts of self-construction motivation of personnel. Local structure-forming characteristics of the personal self-construction of the personnel of organizations in the motivational dimension are the behavioral capabilities of employees, realized in the recognition of achievements, positive feedback, which initiates the subject of self-construction.

The purpose of the article is: to show the content of facilitative interaction; to present the functions of facilitative interaction; to describe our experimental research at secondary schools and to describe functions of facilitative interaction as the predictor of developing pupils’ soft skills. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Also, in our research we used empirical methods, such as statement experiment. The results of the research. According to the results of our research we proposed such functions of facilitation: the function of stimulation; update function; the function of forming the sovereignty of the student’s personality; the function of managing the educational process; the function of organizing the process of interaction; the function of providing a creative educational environment. Conclusions. We proved empirically, that functions of facilitative interaction in the pedagogical process at secondary schools are real predictors of developing pupils’ soft skills, such as: academic achievements, self-concept, attitude to school, creativity, conformity, curiosity, anxiety, locus of control, cooperation, recognition of value, acceptance, trust, the possibility to create the environment, the ability to participate in creative types of the activities, expressiveness, naturalness, empathetic listening, the ability to make a climate of liberation, stimulating self-initiated personal growth. Also, we proposed three groups of soft skills of such kind of emotive teaching, which can be called facilitative soft skills: empathy, respect, sincerity.

The purpose of this article is: to study the concept of “child-parents adaptive relationships”; to describe The Humanistic Conception of child-parents adaptive relations; to present The Psychoanalytic Model of family adaptive education, The Transactional and The Behaviorist Models of Personality Adaptive Education; to describe the results of the experiment with the aim to explain that a person’s implementation of the feature of aggressiveness in destructive maladaptive behavior. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The pilot research was used as an empirical method. The results of the research. We proved, that socio-economic factors of family life (a quality of life, a status of a family, living conditions, monetary income, social status, a level of education of parents) does not have a direct impact on the manifestations of aggression of children, however, its pronounced disadvantage can motivate parents’ aggression towards children, causing the aggression as a response. Conclusions. We proved, that in the typology of a modern family, the main factors associated with manifestations of destructive aggressiveness of children are the influences of the socially disadvantaged microenvironment of the family, which predetermine its manifestations, and the profiles of parental attitudes in it, which determine its manifestations. The influence of the socio-economic characteristics of the family, its structure, composition and number, problems, associated with the health of its members, the culture of their communication, are of great importance in the manifestations of abnormal aggressiveness of children, but to a greater extent these manifestations are mediated by purely psychological family functioning parameters, also parental attitude profile.

The aim of our research is to show the concepts of “professional creativity” and “creativity in the process of professional activity”; to organize the experimental research and to analyze its results; to describe the processes cause a creative reinterpretation of stereotypes – meaning-making – and changes in the entire life process – life-making; to show the results of empirical researches of professional creativity of the head of educational institutions. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling and generalization. The experimental method was the method of organizing empirical research. The results of the research. We proved, that if there was no personal meaning in the process of professional activity, for the sake of which professional activity would be carried out, and only the objective orientation of this activity was expressed. Then such activity would not take the form of creative activity, it would not reflect the actual spiritual search on oneself that is meaningful for a person. The internal objective determinants, the objective orientation of the process of professional activity allows the manager to find his/her own personal meaning, and only when the manager clearly understands why he/she will carry out creative activity, its goals and values will be determined. Only in the case when the process of professional creativity acquires a personally significant meaning for the manager, only then this activity can be considered in a creative aspect, in the paradigm of the manager’s acquisition of personal meanings and the formation of his/her creative individuality. Thus, the professional creativity of a manager is understood by us as a conscious, purposeful, active process of the unique activity of its kind, aimed at finding a new, independent, innovative and original way of managing the activities of subordinates with the aim of highly effective creative resolution of managerial tasks and problems. Conclusions. The results of professional creativity are: a new understanding of the subject of activity – the creation of new ideas, programs, concepts, projects, paradigms, aimed at obtaining fundamentally new results, which make it possible to involve a wider social community in creative cooperation; the emergence of new ways of carrying out professional activities, hitherto unknown technologies, activity algorithms, etc. Professional creativity of the manager is accompanied by constant personal development – the need for new, original, non-standard and unique ideas.

The purpose of this article is: to show adaptive family relationships, which are greatly influenced by actualization of gender and role identification; to present mother’s negative family experience, which also affects maladaptive family relationships with children; to give specificity of conflict relationships in singleparent families, and show how these conflicts differ to a large extent from even seemingly similar conflicts in full-parent families; to describe the results of pilot study of adaptive and maladaptive relationships between parents and children of senior age. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The empirical method is a pilot research. The results of the research. We proved, that as a rule, maladaptive family relationships were considered in psychological literature, in particular, in terms of analyzing children’s conflicts with adults. At the same time, conflicts between high school students and teachers as significant adults come to the fore. That is, maladaptive family relationships arise as a result of misunderstandings of senior pupils in school interaction (as a result of failure, misunderstandings with teachers on the basis of various issues and problems). At the same time, maladaptive family relationships are analyzed only fragmentarily. Senior pupils always show the need to be a full-fledged participant in the interaction, and not a simple witness of certain events. Schoolchildren in senior school age claim that they are busy with certain important matters, perform independent actions, seek to express their attitude to events, but their parents do not always fully imagine how adequate or correct their children’s actions are. Conclusions. We can highlight the personality needs of senior pupils, characteristic of this age period, which amplify adaptive family relationships, such as: the need to independently perform various types of activities, to get pleasure from them; a need to explain the extremely important meaning of one’s personality in relation to others, to be needed by others; the need for self-expression, self-presentation, which actualizes considerable interest and self-respect of senior pupils, the desire to justify one’s opinion and to have it heard, the desire to protect oneself from aggression on the part of others, but not just to agree silently with the situation that develops, but to be able to object, not to agree, not to accept it, etc., and also not to be guided by it in further activities; the need for multicultural, harmonious communication with adults.

The purpose of our article is to analyze the Phenomenological Scientific Approach to the characteristics of general intelligence of a personality; to consider Intelligence structure as a basic general category, to describe the problem of its origin and essence as one concept of the “eternal”, “planetary” problems; to show Measuring (or Testological) Scientific Approach to characterize the general intelligence of a person; to propose the characteristics of Associated-systems theory; to study the problem of general and social intelligence, to analyze correlation of these definitions according to the thoughts of teachers of preschool educational establishments. Methods of the research. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: the categorical method, structural and functional methods, methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. Also, in our research we used empirical methods, like statement study. The results of the research. We proved that in the paradigm of Cognitive Psychology the study of social cognitions and social intelligence has greatly enriched in the Psychology by the essence and the content of social intelligence, which previously had been developed in the psychometric tradition. Thanks to Cognitive Psychology, the actualization of the concepts of social representation was intensified. However, the analysis of existing models of representations of social knowledge suggests that the greatest attention in the history of Cognitive Psychology was given to abstract representations, and existing mental models (which relate to both verbal and figurative presentation formats of information) were not systematically checked. In addition, the functioning of these models, as a rule, plays a leading role in such a field of social cognition, as actualization of processes of social categorization and stereotyped thinking, in the field of perception of psychological features, the formation of the first impression, understanding of subjects of interpersonal interaction, etc. This situation, we deal with, sets the prospect of further empirical research on the development of social intelligence. Conclusions. So, Intellect (from the Latin Intellectus – feeling, perception, understanding, concept, mind) is a quality of the psyche of a personality, which is based on the ability to adapt to new situations, the ability to learn on the basis of acquired personally significant experience, understanding and application of both specific and abstract concepts to use their knowledge in order to influence and manage the environment. Intelligence is defined as the general ability of an individual to know and solve problems and tasks, which unite all cognitive processes and present human cognition: feelings, perception, memory, representation, imagination and thinking.

According to the results of the analysis of research on creative mathematical thinking, it was established that the exploratory mathematical process is the process of setting and solving a mathematical problem. It has been found that questions activate the mental actions of both those who ask them and those who answer them. It is emphasized that the process of solving a creative problem is determined by the performance of algorithmic and heuristic techniques that can and should be developed. They should contribute to the production of various ideas, their qualitative examination and selection. The aim of the article research. To analyze the potential possibilities of the experience of solving problems with the requirement to “to prove” with the active use of cause and effect questions to activate creative mathematical thinking. For this purpose, the method of analyzing students’ searching actions while solving creative mathematical problems was used. The results of the research. It was established that the application of a wide range of questions in the process of solving creative mathematical proof problems activates thinking components: understanding the problem, predicting solution ideas, approbation of thinking results, which become more complementary. It was found that special questions ensured the actualization of existing knowledge, experience, and skills, the flow of associations, imagination, which contributes to deepening the understanding of the meaning of a mathematical problem. It was established that predictive thinking actions, which under the influence of special questions generate a high-quality leading idea for solving the problem, contribute to filling it with content due to the active mental modification of structural elements, the emergence of thought new formations. The possibility of forming the skills of a critical attitude to various kinds of thinking discoveries with the help of their approbation with special questions has been proved. This becomes the basis for building a clear logical chain of reasoning from what is given to what needs to be proved in proof tasks. Conclusions. Solving mathematical proof problems with the active use of cause and effect questions activates creative mathematical thinking.

The degree of damage to spine is now a threat to health and optimal functioning of the human body in the post-traumatic period. Taking into account the peculiarities of the mechanism of psychogenic disorders in the conditions of the full-scale Russian invasion contributes to the specialist’s readiness for stress and conflict situations during the rehabilitation period of work with the victims. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the dynamics of the effectiveness of providing multidisciplinary rehabilitation care to victims with spinal cord injuries. Psychocorrection should contain a list of training exercises aimed at the development of self-awareness, improvement of psychological culture, improvement of reflective personality characteristics, self-actualization and will involve mastering the skills of voluntary psychophysical self-regulation of the state. Research methods. Among psychodiagnostic methods, the following were used: the questionnaire «Change in the quality of life due to the disease», the method of determining the intensity of the pain syndrome according to the visual analog pain scale (VAS) and the Minnesota Multi-Profile Personality Questionnaire (MMRI-2) to assess the psychological status of the individual. The characteristics of motor activity were determined according to the dynamics of Hauser’s gait index, which determines the mobility of the victim and his ability to move freely and the need for auxiliary means of support. Research results. In subjects with spinal cord injury during hospitalization and psychocorrection changes in the gait state according to the Hauser index (muscle strength) were improved from 3.18±0.13 points on average for the group to 4.9±0.63 after the injury. This indicates that after 10-12 months’ treatment all subjects moved without the help of other attendants, some of whom were completely independent, within and outside the home to overcome thresholds and low curbs. Motor activity and gait were improved; there was a noticeable decrease in the intensity of pain, anxiety and depression.

The article is devoted to the specifics of providing clinical and psychological assistance to people who, after a short-term hospitalization (5-7 days), were discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of “transient ischemic attack” (TIA). The purpose of the study is to clarify the hierarchy of value meanings in the value system of patients who have undergone a TIA, as well as to study how exactly these values affect their attitude to taking care of their own health and, more importantly, adherence to the post-hospital outpatient self-care regimen. Research methods and techniques. Based on the main task of the research, the following diagnostic tools were used: the Mini-mult test adapted by V.P. Zaitsev; method of portrait selections by L. Sondi (MPV); questionnaire “Attitude to health” (author R. Berezovska); patient health questionnaire (Patient Health Questionnaire - PHQ-9); J. Rother’s method of diagnosing the level of subjective control (adaptation by E.F. Bazhyn, S.A. Golinkin, O.M. Etkinda); quality of life assessment questionnaire (SF-36); universal questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment (QAA-25) by N.A. Nikolaev and Y.P. Skirdenko. Results and discussion. The study found that health is the leading terminal value for patients who have undergone a TIA, a happy family life is the second, and independence is the third one. At the same time, on the basis of regression analysis, the assumption about the overwhelming desirability for patients of such forms and methods of treatment, which minimizes their own efforts in order to overcome the disease, is substantiated. Conclusions. The results show that there are clearly expressed trends, with the help of which it is possible to orient oneself in the probable post-hospital behavior of the patient in relation to his own health, which in a new way raises the question of defining not so much typical, but rather individual ways of psychological approach to the patient’s personality, which corresponds to the prospects for the development of personalized medicine.

Yu Gao,1 Haiyan Liu,2 Yuechi Sun2 1School of Psychology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Haiyan Liu, School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China, Email liuhy@cugb.edu.cnBackground: In the digital age, people’s attitudes and psychological security towards public health emergencies will be shared. Similar or identical psychological security states are prone to clustering and differentiation, while differentiated group psychological security is more prone to polarization, leading to group psychological security risks and then posing a threat to social stability and national security. However, existing studies mostly use qualitative analysis methods to study group emotional risks. There are still limitations in the study of dynamics of group psychological security risks through mining real data of social media.Purpose: The study aims to use intelligent analysis methods to understand how group psychological security risks dynamically change.Methods: The study draws on text sentiment analysis, Markov chains and time series analysis to construct a framework for the evolution of group psychological security risks. Based on this framework, text data was crawled on Sina Weibo platform, mainly consisting of posts during public health emergencies (March 1st to June 30th, 2022) in Shanghai, and a psychological security lexicon in the field of public health emergencies was constructed. This laid the foundation for identifying the tendencies, intensity, and transitions of individual text psychological security, and then exploring the evolution trend of group psychological security risks.Results: Compared with the generation and reduction periods, group psychological security risks are more likely to occur during the outbreak and recovery periods, and the intensity level is also higher. The overall intensity of group psychological security risks shows an evolution trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing again.Conclusion: The paper provides an opportunity to explore the dynamics of psychological security in the digital space. Meanwhile, we call on the government and relevant management departments to pay more attention to the group psychological security risks formed during the outbreak and recovery periods of public health emergencies, and take corresponding measures in a timely manner to guide the public to transform the extreme psychological security state into the normal psychological security state, in order to prevent and resolve group psychological security risks, promote social stability and national security.Keywords: group psychological security risks, psychological security lexicon, machine learning, evolution trend

Ruipeng Wu,1– 3,&ast; Qiong Niu,1,2,&ast; Yingting Wang,1,2 Yundan Dawa,4 Zixuan Guang,1,2 Dongji Song,1 Bei Xue,1 Ciyong Lu,5 Shaokang Wang1,3 1Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Tibetan Medicine, University of Tibetan Medicine(UTC), Lhasa, 850000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University 510080, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence : Ciyong Lu; Shaokang Wang, Email luciyong@mail.sysu.edu.cn; shaokangwang@seu.edu.cnBackground: Sleep disorders are a significant health issue that urgently needs to be addressed among undergraduate students, and one of the potential underlying problems could be problematic smartphone use (PSU). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between PSU and poor sleep quality by investigating the independent and serial mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a population of university students in Tibet, China.Methods: A total of 2993 Tibetan college students completed three waves of data surveys, with all participants completing questionnaires on PSU, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality (Time 1 (T1) -Time 3 (T3)). Bootstrapped mediation analysis was used to explore the mediating role of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the longitudinal relationship between PSU and sleep quality.Results: Both direct and indirect effects of PSU on poor sleep quality were found. PSU (T1) can had not only a direct negative influence on poor sleep quality (T3) among young adults (direct effect = 0.021, 95% CI = 0.010– 0.033) but also an indirect negative impact via three pathways: the independent mediating effect of anxiety symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 1 = 0.003, 95% CI = 0.001– 0.006), the independent mediating effect of depressive symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 2 = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.002– 0.006), and the serial mediating effects of anxiety (T2) and depressive symptoms (T2) (indirect effect 3 = 0.008, 95% CI=0.005– 0.011).Conclusion: These findings highlight the role of anxiety and depression symptoms as joint mediating factors in the relationship between PSU and sleep disturbances. Interventions focused on improving sleep that incorporate behavioural measures could benefit from treatment approaches targeting mental disorders.Keywords: sleep quality, problematic smartphone use, anxiety, depressive symptoms, longitudinal study

Previous research has established that personality traits and personal values are intertwined constructs reporting sizable correlations. However, few previous studies have examined facet level traits in relation to values. The Big Five model contains lower-order facets representing specific contents of each trait domain. To this end, we provide a correlational map of 30 facets (IPIP-NEO-120) and Schwartz’s 10 values using an Mturk sample (N = 406). Results show moderate to strong correlations at the facet-level, indicating construct overlap between trait-facets and values. For example, the link between trait-facet excitement-seeking and the value-domain stimulation was r = .91. We also show that moderation analyses of trait-value relations result in very few significant interaction-effects with sex, age, and socioeconomic status. We discuss that traits at facet-level may be beneficial for a better understanding of the robust links between personality traits and values.

Here we replicate previous work on the fear of being single (FBS), personality, attachment, and relationship-contingent self-esteem, and also examine whether those with high FBS attempt to initiate romantic relationships more frequently and are more motivated by continued romantic attraction to remain friends with ex-partners than others. In line with prior work, FBS was positively associated with anxious attachment, relationship-contingent self-esteem, and emotionality. FBS was negatively associated with relationship initiation behaviors. Similarly, single men were more likely to attempt to initiate a romantic relationship with an opposite-sex friend than were single women, particularly if they were low in FBS. Although FBS was not associated with whether or not an individual remains friends with ex-partners, there was an association between FBS and continued romantic attraction as a motivator behind these friendships.

In this study, we used a configuration frequency analysis (CFA) to find out whether there are certain combinations of characteristics that can be used to define prototypical empathy types. Using a sample of 9,407 participants aged between 10 and 80 years, we were able to find four clearly separated and exhaustive empathy profiles which include all relevant aspects of emotional concern, perspective taking and personal distress and at the same time can be clearly defined in relation to each other. The superordinate patterns "situation-dependent altruists (A)", "high functioning empathy (B)", "low neurotic empathy (C)" and "low empathy (D)" were identified. With these four types, a total of almost 75% of the test subjects can be assigned to the significant empathy profiles, whereby only in profile A there were significantly more female participants than in the other three. For the first time, we were able to create a comprehensive and selective typology for the construct of empathy, with the help of which, for example, the holistic success of empathy training or the motivations of altruistic actions can be better described.

We investigated the predictive power of Psychoticism in distinguishing among five groups of individuals whose behavior should be reflective of Psychoticism: those presenting with psychopathology, creativity, or aggression. These five groups comprised: a group of 27 individuals suffering from mental disorders without a history of aggression, compared to a group of 23 individuals suffering from mental disorders with a history of aggression; our third group comprised 27 individuals who scored in the highest 10% on an Aggression Questionnaire; our fourth group comprised 26 creative individuals who studied in recognized institutions of fine arts and music or worked in creative fields; a control group of 27 participants having no psychiatric past, no indication of aggression, and who did not work in creative fields, comprised our fifth group. A discriminant analysis supported a model employing five predictors (Psychoticism, Neuroticism, Lie Scale, Schizotypy, and Absorption) and two interactions (Neuroticism × Psychoticism, and Neuroticism × Absorption). The individual group hit rates ranged between 35% and 65%. All groups had a higher level of Psychoticism (P) compared to the control group, which supports the Eysenckian view of a P-psychosis relationship, a P-psychopathy relationship, and a P-creativity relationship.

Self-acceptance plays a crucial role in mental health and emotional well-being. In Balinese society, children living with a parent who works as a saye and is involved in gambling struggle to accept themselves. Therefore, it is urgent to understand or study the experiences of saye’s children and their self-acceptance. This study used a phenomenological qualitative approach, and the data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The data were gathered through semi-structured and narrative interviews. There were three participants aged 18-25 years living with a parent who works as a saye (tajen judge). The results of this study showed that: 1) The children of the saye have unpleasant experiences related to stigma, stereotypes, verbal bullying, and their fathers’ anger when losing a gamble; 2) The children go through stages of self-acceptance, such as denial and rationalization, becoming involved in the gambling activity, finding meaning, and achieving self-acceptance; and 3) Factors that contribute to the children’s self-acceptance include the socio-cultural environment, positive support, and democratic parenting. To increase the self-acceptance of saye’s children, families should provide a safe environment for children, and society should not stigmatize saye’s families. The results of this research cannot simply be applied to other regions because Gianyar Regency carries out tajen activities more frequently compared to other locations. Future research needs to explore other areas in Bali.

Protective behavior is crucial and needed when crisis conditions occur, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study wanted to examine whether (1) unrealistic optimism is significantly correlated to risk perception; (2) risk perception significantly affects protective behavior (3) risk perception mediates the relationship between unrealistic optimism and protective behavior and (4) whether they (unrealistic optimism, risk perception, protective behavior) are sifted from early phase to middle phase of COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia context. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative method, involving 549 respondents (age mean 26.02) obtained through a nonprobability (accidental) sampling technique. The study was divided into two-time windows; study I during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic and study II when the pandemic had been running for more than 1 year. The results confirmed there was a relationship between unrealistic optimism and protective behavior, risk perception and protective behavior, but risk perception does not mediate the relationship between unrealistic optimism and protective behavior. There was a shift in the level of unrealistic optimism, risk perception, and protective behavior over time, specifically between Study I and Study II. Respondents' unrealistic optimism in Study I was at a higher level compared to Study II. The risk perception of respondents has increased along with the longer duration of the pandemic. Meanwhile, the level of protective behavior of respondents has decreased along with the longer the pandemic lasts.

Previous research has highlighted bullying as a significant issue in Indonesia, with a notable increase in cyberbullying among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, adversely affecting their psychological well-being. However, there has been limited discussion on bullying in the post-COVID-19 era. This study has three aims. The first is to examine the subjective well-being (SWB) of children who have either experienced bullying or have not been bullied after the pandemic. The second is to assess the occurrence of both traditional bullying (involving siblings and at school) and cyberbullying in Indonesia following COVID-19. The third aim is to investigate the factors linked to these forms of bullying post-pandemic. The participants were middle school students (N = 943; 57.2% girls, 45.0% in grade 7). The Children's Worlds Subjective Well-Being Scale with five items (CW-SWBS5) was employed to assess children's SWB. Separate measures were utilized for traditional and cyberbullying. Six factors—family, school climate, personal satisfaction, friendships, safety, and social media usage—were analyzed as independent variables using linear regression to determine their impact on bullying forms. The structural equation model (SEM) was applied to evaluate how these bullying types affect SWB. The findings revealed that sibling bullying and cyberbullying significantly influenced children’s SWB, with girls reporting lower SWB scores than boys. Cyberbullying emerged as the most prevalent form of bullying post-pandemic. A positive school climate was found to shield children from bullying. Cummins' theory of well-being homeostasis was employed to interpret the results. This study also discussed implications for educators and parents.

Transwomen are one of the minority groups in Indonesia vulnerable to a high level of psychological distress. The level of psychological distress can indicate the need to seek psychological help. The most basic component of seeking help is attitude. Without a positive attitude, individuals are less likely to have the intention of seeking help and do seeking help. This study aimed to investigate the level of psychological distress, attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, and the relationship between symptoms of psychological distress with attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help in 117 samples of transwomen in Indonesia. Results indicated that 72% of participants were classified as having a high level of psychological distress. A negative association between anxiety symptoms and psychological openness indicated that the more symptoms of anxiety that participants were experiencing, the less likely they were to open up about their psychological problems.

Solidaritas menjadi tema yang sering dibahas untuk menjelaskan fenomena sosial yang berhubungan dengan kepedulian dan kohesivitas. Solidaritas juga menjadi topik yang sering diangkat dalam berita maupun karya ilmiah terutama saat terjadi situasi krisis. Namun studi terdahulu lebih banyak fokus pada bentuk aksi solidaritas, bukan pada proses solidaritas yang berkaitan dengan relasi intragroup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa dan bagaimana pola dan peran relasi intragroup dalam aksi solidaritas organisasi pemuda. Pendekatan pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif studi kasus eksplanatori pada organisasi pemuda yang melakukan aksi solidaritas secara sustainable dengan jumlah partisipan sebanyak 7 orang. Penelitian ini menemukan dua tema penting yang ada dalam relasi communal sharing antara lain kesetaraan dan kerja sama. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada diskusi literatur mengenai relasi intragroup yang memiliki relevansi sebagai landasan aksi solidaritas yang dapat memengaruhi nilai, norma, cara kerja, serta pengambilan keputusan dalam kelompok.

This study focuses on enhancing the care and educational support for children with special needs, particularly in rural areas where their families often lack adequate support. Recognizing the vital roles of communities and governments, the research seeks to create an inclusive education and mental health service model that incorporates spirituality and community engagement. A qualitative research method was used to achieve this, involving 19 managers and caregivers of children with special needs. Through interviews, participant observations, and three focus group discussions, data were collected using the free association technique and analyzed via thematic analysis. This analysis highlighted four key themes: the development of spiritual and community-based mental health services, the application of these approaches in service delivery, the care strategies for children with special needs, and the evaluation methods and psychological interventions rooted in indigenous psychology. The goal is to establish a mental health service model for rural settings that can be adapted for broader application in other regions.

The overestimating effect of one's tendency and contribution to pro-environmental practices, and underestimating the pro-environmental behavior of others has been noted recently in cross-country studies. The present work is devoted to a detailed post-hoc analysis of the available empirical data on this effect on the Russian sample (N = 109, Mage = 28.3, SDage = 10.4, 39% men) and identification of the role of socio-demographic variables (gender, age, income, employment, size of city) as its predictors. The analysis showed that the nature of the contribution of the variables under consideration to the respondents' self-estimation and estimation of others with respect to pro-environmental behavior is non-consistent, which is in line with recent studies. On average for all models and statistically significant determinants, the standardized coefficient ???? does not exceed ∓0.25, which formally corresponds to a small effect size. However, given the empirical distribution of effect size typical of social psychology, it is more likely to be medium effects. The prediction power of linear models based on individual socio-demographic characteristics also turns out to be low, the coefficient of determination varies from 0.02 to 0.11. Therefore, it is acceptable to speak about the considered variables as predictors except in relation to resource saving and eco-mobility. The conclusion is made that along with socio-demographic determinants it is necessary to include other predictors in the design of experiments and investigate them more deeply.

As part of the experimental study, the change in the images of subjects (the image of oneself and the image of another) included in the conflict interaction was assessed; the relationship between the images of communicants and the level of their reflexivity was revealed. A wide range of methods were used in the work: “Diagnosis of the level of development of reflexivity (A.V. Karpov); scaling Petrovsky - Uvarina, "Who am I?" (M. Kuhn, T. McPartland (modified by T.V. Rumyantseva)). The study was conducted on the “Experiment for studying negotiations” setup (idea by V.A. Lefevre, modification by B.I. Khasan). After the experimental interaction, the participants of the study had significant changes in the assessment of personality traits in terms of "Communicative Self" (T= 2.246 at p≤0.025) were revealed. In subjects with a "low" level of reflexivity, a significant correlation was found between self-identification by a set of characteristics related to the "Active Self" and the perception of characteristics the other (opponent) (r = 0.523 at p≤0.05) In subjects with a "high" level of reflexivity, a significant inverse correlation was determined between the self-identification of the subjects according to the characteristics included in the indicator-component "Communicative Self" (r = - 0.668 at p ≤0.05). The data obtained indicate the existence of a connection between the level of formation of reflexivity, the construction of the image of oneself and the opponent in conflict interaction.

It is known that changes in the functioning of the vestibular system affect visual perception. We studied the effect of gravitoinertial impact on the sensorimotor assessment of the length and direction of segments of different orientations by the leading hand before and during the wave motion (n = 6) in comparison with the control group (n = 22). At the memorization stage, the subjects moved their leading hand along a visible segment located at different angles to the horizontal on the center of the touchscreen, and at the reproduction stage they repeated this movement in the same place on an empty screen. In both groups, when memorizing, the error in estimating the length and direction of segments was small and had no pronounced dynamics; during reproduction, a motor oblique effect was obtained, that is repulsion of segments of oblique directions from the canonical axes, vertical and horizontal. During wave motion, the length of the segment began to be estimated less accurately (movements became more hypermetric). This error pattern supports the vector encoding hypothesis, in which the direction and length of the planned movement are encoded independently of each other. Moreover, the gravitoinertial effect selectively affects the accuracy of length coding, and not the coding of the direction of movement of the leading hand.

The article is devoted to the analysis of oculomotor activity observed during the perception of visual educational material in children with hearing impairment. The need to revise traditional methods and develop new approaches to the rehabilitation and education of children with hearing impairment is associated with the increasing technological capabilities of cochlear implantation. Previous research demonstrates that children with hearing impairments have visual attentional characteristics during a learning task compared to their hearing peers. It becomes relevant to identify how visual clarity can be built into the process of teaching children with hearing impairment and perceived by them as representing the material being presented. With the help of eye-tracking, it became possible to track the change in the nature of perceptual activity in children with hearing impairment with different forms of visual stimulus educational material. The question is raised about the influence of visual cues on the success of solving problems in children with hearing impairment and how they direct the attention of children with hearing impairment, reducing cognitive load, providing depth of information processing. In order to fix the restructuring of the perceptual activity of preschool children with hearing impairment under the influence of learning influence during the experiment, we monitored the dependence of the specificity of the child's eye movements on the form of visual presentation of educational material. The study sample consisted of 9 cochlear-implanted preschool children with sensorineural hearing loss from 4 to 6 years. Eye movement was recorded using a portable eye tracker in the form factor of Pupil Labs glasses. 4 series of experiments were proposed using the educational task "classification of objects". In 4 series of the experiment, the presence explicit and hidden prompts changed, the black-and-white and color solution of the most stimulating educational material changed. It has been shown that the use of different types of cue stimuli and color scheme leads to a shift in visual attention to the target area, facilitates processing, leads to more intensive processing of stimuli, and reduces the time we need to respond to information occurring in this given space.

The article presents the results of a study aimed at investigating the influence of two forms of virtual group pressure (depersonalized and personalized) on the manifestation of moral conformity. The experimental material consisted of two types of moral scenarios, where participants were asked to assess the acceptability of certain behaviors. Depersonalized pressure was implemented by informing participants, filling out an online form, about the percentage of people responding in a certain way to the presented moral scenarios. As for the personalized form of pressure, a situation simulating interactions among individuals in instant messaging systems (messengers) was utilized. The study involved 112 participants, with 20 of them forming the pilot study sample and 92 — the main experimental sample. The results indicate that social pressure in the virtual environment leads to the emergence of a conforming response, with personalized pressure in real-time having a stronger influence than passive exposure to depersonalized data. The obtained results are explained within the framework of the biological theory of social pressure, which views conforming behavior as a strategy to optimize metabolic costs. The manifestation of a conforming response for both types of moral scenarios and the absence of gender differences in its expression suggest the potential universality of this strategy.